What is Head Start?
Head Start is a free federal program that gives children from low-income families a strong start before kindergarten — through early learning, health and nutrition, and family support. It serves children ages 3 to 5; Early Head Start serves pregnant women and children from birth to age 3.
Who qualifies for Head Start?
Eligibility is about need, not just income. A child qualifies through any one of these:
Income at or below the poverty line
The main pathway — household income at or below the federal poverty guidelines.
Receiving public assistance
Families getting TANF or SSI qualify regardless of income.
Experiencing homelessness
Children who are homeless are eligible automatically.
In foster care
A child in foster care qualifies no matter the family income.
Programs also prioritize children with disabilities, and a limited share of spots can go to families slightly above the income line — so it's worth applying even if you're close.
Head Start income guidelines (2025)
Income eligibility is based on the federal poverty guidelines — generally at or below 100%. Enter your household below to see whether you're likely eligible. (The full 2025 table for the 48 contiguous states and DC stays visible underneath.)
Do I qualify for Head Start?
Enter your household size, annual income, and any that apply. Head Start is for families at or below the federal poverty line — or who meet a categorical path.
| Household size | Poverty line (2025) |
|---|---|
| 1 | $15,650 |
| 2 | $21,150 |
| 3 | $26,650 |
| 4 | $32,150 |
| 5 | $37,650 |
| 6 | $43,150 |
| 7 | $48,650 |
| 8 | $54,150 |
Figures are the 2025 HHS poverty guidelines for the 48 contiguous states & DC. Alaska and Hawaii use higher figures. Add about $5,500 for each additional person beyond six. This is an estimate, not an enrollment decision — confirm with a Head Start program.
The guidelines update every year — confirm the current amounts on the official HHS poverty guidelines.
Head Start vs. Early Head Start
Early Head Start
Pregnant women and children birth to age 3 — home visits, child care, and family support.
Head Start
Children ages 3 to 5 — preschool-style learning plus health, nutrition, and kindergarten readiness.
How to apply for Head Start
- Find your nearest program with the federal Head Start Center Locator.
- Contact the program directly — each one handles its own enrollment and waitlist.
- Gather proof of income, your child's age, and any qualifying documents (foster care, public assistance, etc.).
- Apply even if you're unsure — staff can confirm eligibility and point you to other options if Head Start isn't a fit.
Not eligible for Head Start? Many states offer free or universal pre-K that isn't income-based — check your state's programs.
Frequently asked questions
- Is Head Start free?
- Yes. Head Start and Early Head Start are federally funded and free for families who qualify — there is no tuition.
- What is the income limit for Head Start?
- Head Start eligibility is generally for families at or below 100% of the federal poverty guidelines. For 2025, that is about $32,150 a year for a family of four in the 48 contiguous states. Families on TANF or SSI, children in foster care, and children experiencing homelessness qualify regardless of income.
- What ages does Head Start serve?
- Head Start serves children ages 3 to 5. Early Head Start serves pregnant women and children from birth to age 3.
- How is Head Start different from public pre-K?
- Head Start is a federal program focused on low-income families and the whole child (health, nutrition, and family support). Public or universal pre-K is state-funded and, in some states, open to all four-year-olds regardless of income.
- Can I qualify for Head Start if my income is over the limit?
- Sometimes. Families on TANF or SSI, children in foster care, and children experiencing homelessness qualify regardless of income, and programs prioritize children with disabilities. Programs may also enroll a limited share of children from families slightly above the income line. Use the checker above, and apply even if you are unsure.